Sunday, October 23, 2005

LESSONS IN TANYA: Monday, October 24, 2005

B"H

Tishrei 21, 5766 * October 24, 2005

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L E S S O N S I N T A N Y A
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Today's Lesson:

Iggeret HaKodesh
(Middle of Epistle Twenty-Three)
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Therefore, my beloved ones, my brethren and friends: do not commit this great evil - [of turning a gathering of worshipers before or after prayers into a "company of scoffers]," and (54) "give glory unto the L-rd your G-d before it grows dark," i.e. between Minchah and Maariv every weekday, (55) by studying in groups of [at least] ten the innermost [i.e., the mystical] dimension of the Torah, i.e., the Aggadah contained in Ein Yaakov.

For most of the secrets of the Torah are concealed in it [i.e., in the Aggadah]; moreover, it atones man's sins, as explained in the writings of R. Isaac Luria, of blessed memory. (56)

As to the revealed [non-mystical] passages in [the Aggadah], these are the ways of G-d in which a man ought to walk, and [they enable him] to take counsel in his soul in heavenly matters [such as Torah and mitzvot] and in worldly matters, as is known to all the wise of heart.

In addition, between Minchah and Maariv, [people] should study a little - out of the Shulchan Aruch, in [the section called] Orach Chayim - the laws that are essential for every person to know.

Of this our Sages, of blessed memory, said: (57) "Whoever studies Torah laws [halachot] every day [is assured of life in the World to Come]."

This refers to clear and definitive rulings that are of practical relevance, as explained in the commentary of Rashi, ad loc. (58) - [that the term halachot refers to final rulings, without the surrounding debates and argumentation.

This is actually explained by Rashi a little earlier in Tractate Megillah, not on the teaching about "Whoever studies halachot...," but in connection with a eulogy for someone who used to "study halachot."

In Tractate Niddah, commenting on this teaching, Rashi states that the term halachot refers to Mishnayot, Beraitot and Halachah leMoshe miSinai, none of which include the discussions of the Gemara. This is also the case with regard to the Shulchan Aruch].

Footnotes:

54. Cf. Yirmeyahu 13:16.
55. Note of the Rebbe: "It could be suggested that the reason
the Alter Rebbe does not begin by relating to Shacharit, the first
prayer of the day, is that an explicit law in the Shulchan Aruch
(sec. 89:4) forbids one to engage in one's personal affairs before
prayer; likewise (sec. 155:1), the morning prayers must be
followed by group study of the Torah (`from the House of Prayer
[directly] to the House of Study')."
56. See the Alter Rebbe's Hilchot Talmud Torah 2:2 and sources cited
there (in the Kehot edition); see also the Introduction of the
Ramban to Shir HaShirim.
57. Megillah 28b; Niddah 73a.
58. See Taz, Yoreh Deah 246:2.

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